Myeongdong Cathedral is the first parish church in Korea and a symbol of the Korean Catholic Church. Construction began in 1892 (the 29th year of King Gojong’s reign) and was completed in 1898 (the second year of the Gwangmu era). The cathedral has played a pivotal role not only in the history of Christianity in Korea but also across the nation's political, social, and cultural spheres. Since the 1970s—a time marked by the harsh rule of a developmental dictatorship—it has served as a cradle for democracy in Korea, embracing the demands and pain of the times as well as the tears of the people. Myeongdong Cathedral is the first brick church built in the country; it was designed by the French priest Father Coste. Its interior features a cruciform layout with an elevated gallery, high windows, and ribbed vaulting, while the exterior exudes grandeur through its Gothic architectural elements. A must-visit spot is the crypt located beneath the altar; it houses the remains of five saints and four other martyrs who perished during the Catholic persecutions of the 19th century. The Catholic Center and various cultural facilities are located in the vicinity of the cathedral.
명동성당은 우리나라 최초의 본당이며 한국 천주교회의 상징입니다. 고종 29년(1892)에 착공, 광무 2년(1898)에 준공되었습니다. 명동성당은 우리나라 기독교 역사뿐 아니라 정치, 사회, 문화 전반에 걸쳐 큰 영향을 미친 터전입니다. 개발 독재의 서슬이 퍼렇던 1970년대 이후 시대의 요구와 아픔, 민중의 눈물을 품어 이 땅에 민주주의를 탄생시킨 모태와도 같은 곳이기도 합니다. 명동성당은 벽돌로 쌓은 우리나라 최초의 교회입니다. 프랑스 신부 코스트가 설계했습니다. 내부는 십자형 평면에 공중 회랑과 높은 창, 무지개 형상의 궁륭 천장으로 되어 있고, 외부는 고딕 장식을 통해 웅장함을 드러내고 있습니다. 빼놓지 말고 들러 봐야 할 곳은 제단 아래쪽에 있는 지하 성당입니다. 여기엔 19세기 천주교 박해로 희생당한 성인 유해 5위와 일반 순교자 유해 4위를 봉안하고 있습니다. 성당 주변에는 가톨릭회관과 다양한 문화시설이 있습니다.
Photo credit: Korea Tourism Organization
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